Which of the following is NOT one of the four elements of comprehensive guidance programs?

The four elements of comprehensive guidance programs include guidance curriculum, individual planning, responsive services, and system support. Comprehensive guidance programs are designed to be systematic and holistic, addressing the needs of students in various aspects of their educational and personal development.

Community outreach, while an important aspect of school counseling, does not constitute one of the core elements of comprehensive guidance programs. Instead, community outreach serves to enhance the effectiveness of counseling services by involving parents, the community, and external resources. Therefore, it supports the guidance program but is not one of the foundational components that define the structure and intent of a comprehensive guidance program.

In contrast, guidance curriculum focuses on teaching students essential skills and knowledge related to academic, career, and personal-social development. Individual planning involves helping students set and achieve personal goals, while responsive services address immediate needs and concerns of students, such as crises or specific problems impacting their education. Each of these elements plays a critical role in fostering a supportive environment for student growth and development.