Which statement best describes Criterion-related validity?

Criterion-related validity refers to how well one measure predicts an outcome based on another measure or criterion. This can involve establishing a relationship between a test and an external criterion that is known to be a valid measure of the same construct. For example, if a new test is developed to measure student readiness for college, its criterion-related validity could be assessed by examining its correlation with students' actual college GPA.

The first choice emphasizes the relationship to existing similar measures, highlighting how a new test can be compared to established measures to determine its effectiveness in predicting outcomes. This is a fundamental aspect of criterion-related validity, as it focuses on the predictive power and empirical relationship between the test score and outcomes.

Understanding the concept of criterion-related validity helps in the evaluation of standardized tests, assessments, and surveys used in various fields, particularly in psychology and education, where the impact of assessment on future performance is crucial.